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膜电位变化概念 - 萌小理AI助手讲解
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膜电位变化概念讲解

🎧 点击概念卡片,听萌小理AI助手为你讲解

极化

Polarization

细胞膜内外存在电位差的状态

静息电位:-70mV

去极化

Depolarization

膜电位由负值向正值方向变化

-70mV → +40mV

复极化

Repolarization

膜电位由正值向负值方向恢复

+40mV → -70mV

超极化

Hyperpolarization

膜电位低于静息电位的状态

-70mV → -80mV

动作电位曲线

点击左侧概念卡片开始学习 🎯

💡 知识要点

🔵 极化(静息状态)

外正内负,膜电位约-70mV,K⁺通道开放

🔴 去极化(上升支)

Na⁺通道开放,Na⁺内流,膜电位快速上升至+40mV

🟠 复极化(下降支)

K⁺通道开放,K⁺外流,膜电位恢复至-70mV

🟣 超极化(后电位)

K⁺继续外流,膜电位短暂低于-70mV,达-80mV

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